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MUMBAI: The International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) has asked funds in GIFT City to hold off on action after a Reserve Bank of India (RBI) FAQ triggered confusion over their regulatory status.
In a circular issued on Friday, the GIFT City regulator said the RBI clarification is being discussed with the central bank and directed financial institutions in the jurisdiction to await further instructions from IFSCA.
The uncertainty stems from a 25 March RBI FAQ stating that entities operating in the GIFT International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) must file annual Foreign Liabilities and Assets (FLA) returns if they receive foreign investment or hold overseas assets. It also said subsidiaries set up in the IFSC by foreign entities would be treated as foreign direct investment (FDI), triggering related reporting requirements.
The interpretation has raised concerns that funds in the GIFT IFSC could be treated as resident Indian entities, potentially at odds with their current classification under the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA), where they are regarded as non-residents. The distinction is significant because it underpins key regulatory and operational advantages for IFSC-based entities.
The Foreign Liabilities and Assets return is a mandatory annual disclosure to the RBI that captures details of foreign investment in Indian entities, as well as their overseas assets and liabilities. The data is used to compile India’s balance of payments and its international investment position.
Entities in the GIFT IFSC have so far been treated as non-residents under foreign exchange rules. The RBI FAQ has prompted concern within the industry.
Mint earlier reported that an industry body representing alternative investment funds (AIFs) had written to the Department of Economic Affairs seeking a joint clarification on the issue.
In a 10 April letter to the Department of Economic Affairs (DEA), reviewed by Mint, the AIF Chief Financial Officers Association flagged what it called a “critical regulatory overlap” arising from RBI’s requirement to file FLA returns. It said the mandate conflicts with the special regulatory framework typically extended to funds operating in the international financial zone.
The GIFT IFSC operates as a distinct regulatory enclave within GIFT City and is treated as a foreign jurisdiction for financial transactions. The association has urged the Centre to engage with RBI and issue a joint clarification exempting IFSCA-registered entities from the FLA filing requirement.
GIFT City currently hosts 314 alternative investment funds across Categories I, II and III, according to IFSCA data.
Apoorva is a Mumbai-based journalist at Mint who covers the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), tracking the pulse of India’s capital markets, regulatory developments and the people who operate within them. She holds a postgraduate diploma in business and financial journalism from the Asian College of Journalism, where she developed a strong foundation in markets, companies, and economic policy. She began her journalism journey with an internship at Bloomberg, where she worked across beats such as real estate, infrastructure, capital markets, and deals, which helped her understanding of business and finance.<br><br>She is guided by the belief that everything in this world can be explained in simple and fewer words, and that idea shapes how she approaches her writing. She aims to cut through complexity and present nuanced regulatory and financial developments in a way that is both accessible and meaningful to readers.<br><br>When she is not tracking market chatter, Apoorva can usually be found deep into a fiction novel or out on a long run. She is also a trained classical dancer in Bharatanatyam, Mohiniyattam, and Kathakali.
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